"NO" SEA&EARTH POLLUTION
NO SEA&EARTH POLLUTION - ALBATROSS
creates global awareness for an obvious goal:
cleaning up the poisonous plastic mess we make.
" ALBATROSS " anti PLASTIC POLLUTION
"ACTION" Project 2012-2020
Captain Manfred Reicher
founder- chairman
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- ACTIVE AGAINST PLASTIC WASTE -
- AKTIE TEGEN PLASTIC AFVAL -
- PLASTIK ATIK KARŞI ETKİN -
- AKTIV GEGEN KUNSTSTOFFMÜll -
- ACTION CONTRE ORDURES PLASTIC -
- ATTIVIAMOCI CONTRO I RIFIUTI IN PLASTICA -
BISPHENOL A
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Mr Tilo Materna, Ph.D. - Austria
Mr Tilo Materna, Ph.D. - Austria biologist by training (molecular genetics)
Keen interest in causal planetary relationships with emphasis on marine ecology
He provides input for the "ALBATROSS" Anti plastic pollution Action project through his academic background and experiences.
By mr Mr Tilo Materna, Ph.D
Scientific background:
Introduction
We from the „Albatross“ Anti-plastic-pollution-Action-project distinguish higher and lower forms of matter.
The „higher“ any kind of matter the more potential it has to act as a stimulus for vitality [1], p.95.
Thus, an oocyte is of a manyfold „higher grade” compared to a drop of formic acid although both „forms of matter” may be present in the same organism [2, 3].
Generally, our planet Earth discloses many substances - matter of lower form - from the living cycle of materials on its surface because of their toxicity. On this surface - where „Nature” is situated - we humans, being part of it, have to live.
Various lower forms of matter, also termed „natural resources” can be found in deeper lower layers of the planet Earth. They have to be handled with extreme care, because they are often as „precious” as they are toxic e.g.:
a) Uranitite could be found only in the silver mines of Saxonia for a long time [4-6].
Recently, mining has been developed in many other countries [7, 8], and the naturally occurring mineral is „enriched“ to finally yield plutonium 239. Regardless the „peaceful” intention of it´s use - this substance is deadly toxic when, for instance brought into seawater [9] or the atmosphere [10].
b) Lead mining - mainly as the mineral galena - dates back to the Roman Empire [11]. The heavy metal has been a major contamination problem in seawater [12] or when polluting the atmosphere because of its use as a gasoline additive [13, 14].
c) Crude fossil oil is highly toxic as well [15] and in many ways purified by refining [16, 17] to give us lots of „helpful” things, e.g. gasoline [17]. From our point of view, such „products from crude oil” have different shades of toxicity. Some of them are almost as toxic as crude oil and others have been processed in a way to be much less toxic and therefore closer to „vitality”. One of these products is plastics. Plastics does not exist in pristine Nature (plasticity does!) but requires human - electricity driven - technology to be formed and constitutes of synthetic organic polymers, e.g. polyethylene , polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride mixed with various additives, see also below.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene
wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride
1) What is plastics?
Plastics is a collective term for a variety of mixtures containing organic polymers/additives [18] The name originates from the greek πλαστικός which means: „capable of being shaped or molded”.
The binder of the first commercial thermoplastic was cellulose nitrate, its plasticizer was camphor – and its name was CELLULOID [21].
2). Why do we like it?
Plastics is not expensive and has become cheaper (see table 2 in [22]) since its introduction into the market. There seems to be enough crude fossil oil to produce massive amounts of it throughout the next decades [23] but it can be synthesized also from coal [20] which is cheaper than oil and has huge reserves [23]. Despite of these advantages, plastics has three general major properties which make it so „valuable” for us.
3). What is the metabolism that we encourage?
There are several interconnected „metabolic” cyclic processes all together providing a certain equilibrium on the surface of the planet Earth.
c) The hydrological cycle [26] comprises all three aggregate phases of water to be mainly evaporated/evapotranspirated, precipitated or frozen.
In addition to the various cycles in Nature, Mankind has started to „purify” and „synthesize” all kinds of unnatural substances, thereby initiating new cyclic processes. Among others, massive amounts of artificial rock are arranged into towns, cities, villages [27] - the space is „enriched” with many, many smaller or bigger satellite pieces [28] – and the oceans are polluted with any kind of poisonous, noxic, contaminating trash-garbage-waste one can imagine [29, 30]. Basically, we extract many toxic substances - of a lower form of vitality - from the earth´s crust to transform them into „useful” products of a higher form but, however so far, many of these newly defined products do not enter recycling in a similar quality as the rock, oxygen or hydrological cycle show. Moreover, by definition, Nature alone is not able to provide the mechanisms for proper recycling. Thus, either Mankind has to establish such mechanisms or must stop synthesizing unnatural substances, at least partially [31].
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